CARINA WATER WELLS PROJECTS
TABORA TANZANIA
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
PROJECT TITLE:
Proposed intervention to alleviate the inadequate water supply problems for Kwihala Village Community.
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PROJECT LOCATION: Tabora Tanzania P. O. Box 1408 Tabora, Tanzania
PROJECT APPLICANT AND IMPLEMENTER: Development Services Department
Project Development Officer: Christopher Nyamwanji
Tel: +255 26 2604899
E-mail: christophernyamwanji@yahoo.com
USA Project Coordinator: Jacqueline Simone Ambrose
Tel: (mobile) 808-214-7607
Email: carinawaterwells@gmail.com
GOAL: To improve the living standards of Kwihala Community.
OBJECTIVES: (1) Develop two (2) water points for Kwihala community with a view of ensuring access to clean, safe water all year round.
(2) Construct Rain Water System at Kwihala primary school to accommodate the school community.
BENEFICIARIES: Kwihala Community with a population of 569, of which 260 are male and 309 female, as well as 538 in the school community.
PROJECT COST: Total Project Cost……………………….. Tshs 38,300,000/=
Local Contribution………………………. Tshs 9,575,000/=
External funds requested …………… Tshs 28,725,000/=
INTRODUCTION:
1.0 Kwihala is one of sub-villages in Itetemia village in Tabora, located about 8 kilometers from Tabora Town along the road to Ugalla game reserve to the South.
1.1 Population:
Kwihala sub-village has a population of 569 people, 260 are males 309 females distributed in 72 households. (Source; Itetemia Ward Office,November 2006).
1.2 Administrative set up:
Itetemia Village has 8 sub-villages, of which Kwihala is one of them. The Village has a village government with 25 members. Kwihala has three committees; Water, Education, and Health. The Village is headed by a village Chairperson who is elected every five years. The chairperson is assisted by the Village Executive Officer (VEO).
1.3 Historical information.
Kwihala is a historical site; a center where Slaves were assembled from the Congo, Burundi, Rwanda, and Western Tanganyika (now Tanzania). It was a stop-over as arrangements were made to take the slaves to Bagamoyo and Zanzibar on the way to Europe and other parts of the world.
It is in this area where Stanley met Dr David Livingstone as he was trying to find out the origin of the Nile. Dr David Livingstone was on the way to Ujiji along the shore of Lake Tanganyika in the 1800s.
Dr Livingstone lived in a hut previously inhabited by an Arab slave trader, which was constructed at Kwihala in the 1800s. Since Tabora (originally called Kazeh) is not a tourist destination few know about this historical location.
*(See scanned picture in the appendice)
1.4 Social information
Kwihala has a combination of different people of varying ethnic origins, Nyamwezi, Ha, Fipa and Tutsi. Interestingly they all live harmoniously, and despite the fact they have their respective local languages they are united by the National language Kiswahili.
The population is mainly divided into two major religions, Christianity and Islam, with a small proportion of those who still adhere to traditional religion.
There are two political parties in the area; Chama Cha Mapinduzi-CCM of which Jakaya Kikwete is the President, and Civic United Front-CUF.
President Kikwete assisted in facilitating a peace plan of power sharing between President Mwai Kibaki and Raila Odinga in Kenya February 28th 2008. He is the president of the African Union (AU)
The current government is under the ruling party, CCM until November 2009 when the local government elections will be held.
1.5 Economy
The area populations’ economy is dependent on agriculture, subsistence farming using a hand hoe, and animal husbandry. Crops include: tobacco, sunflower, and groundnuts. The food crops are: maize, paddy, cassava, and sorghum.
Domesticated animals are: cattle, goats, sheep and donkeys. Ox-plough is used on a relatively small scale.
The village community is also engaged in gardening but development of it is hampered by the inadequate water supply, hence it remains seasonal.
1.6 Rainfall
Tabora receives an average of 900mm of rain per annum but it is not evenly distributed. The Western part of Tabora district is better off while the Eastern side is disadvantaged. This has lead to repeated draught and food shortages approximately every 3 years.
2.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT:
Problem Statement:
The Kwihala community although found in a suburb area (8k from Tabora town), has no access to essential social services like a health facility or water. There is a primary school which caters for primary education.
According to the United Nations Millennium Development Goals indicator; in 2006 the Tanzania status for access to water, stood at 46% in rural areas and 81% in urban areas. Tabora is one of the disadvantaged regions, with relatively low level of water supply coverage, the situation is even worse in the rural areas
The shortage of a water supply for consumption and livelihood in Kwihala dates back to the 1800s. The Arab people named Muyomba Zilele (Said Said) settled in the area and excavated a hand dug well located at the Museum site (Dr David Livingstone’s hut). The well has long since dried up and no longer serves the population.
However, the Kwihala population has tried to find a solution to the problem by digging hand dug wells which are seasonal and dry up at the peak of dry season. Since the locally developed wells are not protected, as a result they become contaminated; cholera and diarrhea outbreaks are common.
Village communities are frightened by the inadequate water supply and related water born diseases.
Women and children are the most affected when it comes to the issue of water supply. They are the ones responsible for water issues at the family level. They have to get up at dawn and go in search of water to cater for family use.
School attendance is affected by this acute water problem. Pupils are obliged to ensure that there is water for the family before going to school. They walk an average of 10 kilometers to and from water sources. Worse yet the water sources are not reliable.
Villagers have to wait hours for his/her turn in a queue. It is said that at the peak of dry season school attendance drops to about 70%
The school community does not have access to a water supply they all suffer from the same problem. School staff is forced to use pupils to go in search of and collection of water, presenting a huge challenge to the school community.
Women are obliged to take time which could otherwise be productive, spending an average of 5 hours a day searching for water during the dry season. There have been reports of fighting at the water points.
2.1 Proposed Solution:
The proposed solution to the existing water supply problem is:
Construct two water points (2 hand pumps to be installed) to cater to the Kwihala community of 569 from 105 households and neighouring sub-villages ensuring access to safe and clean water all year round.
Construct a rain water harvesting system at Kwihala primary school to serve the school community all year round.
2.2 Who will be affected:
Directly Affected: Those who will be directly affected by the project are the Kwihala population comprising of 569, 260 are males, 309 females and 538 school pupils.
Indirectly Affected: The neighbouring sub village communities estimated at 128 from Kipalapala east.
2.3 Foreseeable Benefits:
Short term:
Reduced time spent by women and children (school goers) in search of water by;
75% from the current 5 hours spent daily.
98% increase in school attendance compared to;
70% in the peak of the dry season.
80% reduction in outbreaks of cholera and diarrhea.
Long term:
Improved productivity at the family level as women will use the extra time saved to engage in productive work, and social matters.
An improvement of the overall standard of living.
Peace and tranquility among community members, (no fights among the women over water).
2.4 Problem Description:
A potential problem can be the inaccessibility of aquifer during drilling wells or striking a water table which does not have adequate water.
Behavioral change in the village communities is a gradual process and needs special attention in dealing with hygiene and sanitation issues. The reluctance of communities to adopt change in hygiene practices is anticipated.
In order to deal with the aforementioned foreseeable problems, thorough investigations will be done to minimize error. Private partners will be contracted to do the job of surveying.
In accordance with local culture and tradition in Tabora District, water at the household level is particularly regarded as a women issue. Women are vested with the role of ensuring that water for use in the household is available.
The recently conducted rapid survey of villages showed among other findings, that women and children spend between 3-5 hours a day searching for water, including waiting time at the water point.
Incidences of fighting have been reported at water points over priority in the queue for water. The situation is particularly acute during the dry season which is from July – November.
Children expressed concern that they are sometimes denied the opportunity to attend school when asked by parents to go in search of water. This contributes to their poor performance during examination time.
The inadequacy of water at household level aggravates the suffering of within the community.
3.0 DESCRIPTION OF ACTIVITY
The Development services Department has over 16 years of experience in community development projects. The department has facilitated and continues to facilitate community-based projects.
3.1 Work Supervision:
The work will be supervised by our technician who is qualified and competent in project implementation.
The project officer supervises the work in the field and prepares reports to be shared with USA project Coordinator and stakeholders.
The project officer is answerable to the Development Coordinator.
3.2 Reports:
The Diocesan Development Coordinator is responsible for ensuring that financial and narrative reports are prepared and shared with USA project Coordinator and stakeholders.
3.3 Labour:
Skilled Labour: The Development Services Department will provide skilled labour.
(i) Development Coordinator
(ii) Accountant
(iii) Accounts Clerk
(iv) Technician
Unskilled labour: The Kwihala community provides unskilled labour on site for clearing, gravel preparation, sand collection, and other materials mobilization.
3.4 Facilitators during Training:
Ideal facilitators are identified depending on the scheduled training. The Development Services Department does collaborate with other stakeholders (NGOs and CSOs) and the public during project implementation.
Along with the provision of water, the project proposes to conduct sanitation promotion and hygiene education. Raising the level of awareness within the communities to understand good hygiene and sanitation practices for their improved health is crucial to the success of the project.
To facilitate raising the level of awareness involves identifying hygiene promoters from among the village members. One hygiene promoter will be selected from every ten households. The hygiene promoters are responsible for visiting and educating people about good hygiene practices and sanitation standards.
In particular hand washing after visiting latrines, and appropriate faecal matter disposal. These hygiene promoters will be trained and empowered with technical health issues.
3.5 Land Tenure
According to Tanzania Law land is a public property. Therefore if a piece of land needs to be used for public purposes like developing a well, there has never been any problems, consensus is easily attained.
3.6 Contingency Plan
A Hydro geological survey will be conducted to ensure the identification of aquifer where water can be struck.
4.0 Project Maintenance Plan
The community will identify 4 pump attendants 2 male and 2 female who will be trained in pump repair and maintenance. As we have worked in many areas, this approach is appropriate and works for community based projects.
4.1 Availability of Spare Parts:
The spare parts for TANIRA or AFRIDEV pumps are available in Tabora thus making it easy to acquire parts for repair of the pumps at the community level.
4.2 Funds for Repair and Maintenance
The village has a water committee responsible for following up and resolving any inadequate water supply problems. The water committee is responsible for fund raising to establish a village water fund.
They will also establish a water fund account with the National Microfinance Bank. The water fund is meant for meeting operations and maintenance (O & M).
4.3 Safe transfer of funds:
Project funds can be transferred by wire to The Development Services Department account with the Tabora branch of NBC Ltd Bank.
An additional account was opened in June 2009 for Carina Water Wells Projects by the Development Coordinator (Christopher Nyamwanji).
The bank account has 4 signatories for payment authorization. The Development Coordinator is the budget holder and accountable for the money.
4.4 Where money will be kept:
All funds are kept at the bank except for petty cash which is kept in a secure cash box at the Development office in the Accounts office.
4.5 Accountability:
The Diocesan Development Coordinator is the budget holder therefore accountable for the money. However the Diocesan accountant will be responsible for financial report preparation. Accounts record will be done by an accounts clerk.
APPENDICE 1
Itetemia village Population and Household distribution
Population
No
Name of Sub-village
Household
Male
Female
Total
1
Itetemia
72
139
144
283
2
Kwihala
105
260
309
569
3
Masimba
88
244
208
452
4
Sukamahela
119
331
281
612
5
Kipalapala Mashariki
162
385
393
778
6
Kipalapala Magharibi
187
399
403
802
7
Kipalapala Kati
132
265
281
546
8
Kipalapala Kaskazini
130
277
296
573
995
2300
2315
4615
Source: Ward Executive Officer’s Office November 2006
Appendice 2
