CARINA
WATER WELLS PROJECTS
TABORA TANZANIA
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
PROJECT TITLE:
Proposed intervention to
alleviate the inadequate water supply problems for Kwihala
community.
PROJECT LOCATION:
Tabora Tanzania
PROJECT APPLICANT
AND IMPLEMENTER:
Development Services Department
P. O. Box 1408 Tabora, Tanzania
Project Development Officer:
Christopher Nyamwanji
Tel: +255 26 2604899
E-mail:
christophernyamwanji@yahoo.com
USA Project Coordinator:
Jacqueline Simone Ambrose
Tel: (mobile) 808-214-7607
Email:
carinawaterwells@gmail.com
GOAL:
To improve the living standards
of Kwihala Community.
OBJECTIVES:
(1) Develop two (2) water points
for Kwihala community with a view of ensuring access to clean,
safe water all year round.
(2) Construct Rain Water System
at Kwihala primary school to accommodate the school community.
BENEFICIARIES:
Kwihala Community with a
population of 569, of which 260 are male and 309 female, as well
as 538 in the school community.
PROJECT COST:
Total Project Cost………………………..
Tshs 38,300,000/=
Local Contribution……………………….
Tshs 9,575,000/=
External funds requested ……………
Tshs 28,725,000/=
INTRODUCTION:
1.0
Kwihala is one of sub-villages
in Itetemia village in Tabora, located about 8 kilometers from
Tabora Town along the road to Ugalla game reserve to the South.
1.1 Population:
Kwihala sub-village has a
population of 569 people, 260 are males 309 females distributed
in 72 households. (Source; Itetemia Ward Office,November 2006).
1.2 Administrative set up:
Itetemia Village has 8
sub-villages, of which Kwihala is one of them. The Village has a
village government with 25 members. Kwihala has three
committees; Water, Education, and Health. The Village is headed
by a village Chairperson who is elected every five years. The
chairperson is assisted by the Village Executive Officer (VEO).
1.3 Historical information.
Kwihala is a historical site; a
center where Slaves were assembled from the Congo, Burundi,
Rwanda, and Western Tanganyika (now Tanzania). It was a
stop-over as arrangements were made to take the slaves to
Bagamoyo and Zanzibar on the way to Europe and other parts of
the world.
It is in this area where Stanley
met Dr David Livingstone as he was trying to find out the origin
of the Nile. Dr David Livingstone was on the way to Ujiji along
the shore of Lake Tanganyika in the 1800s.
Dr Livingstone lived in a hut
previously inhabited by an Arab slave trader, which was
constructed at Kwihala in the 1800s. Since Tabora (originally
called Kazeh) is not a tourist destination few know about this
historical location.
*(See scanned picture in the
appendice)
1.4 Social information
Kwihala has a combination of
different people of varying ethnic origins, Nyamwezi, Ha, Fipa
and Tutsi. Interestingly they all live harmoniously, and despite
the fact they have their respective local languages they are
united by the National language Kiswahili.
The population is mainly divided
into two major religions, Christianity and Islam, with a small
proportion of those who still adhere to traditional religion.
There are two political parties
in the area; Chama Cha Mapinduzi-CCM of which Jakaya Kikwete is
the President, and Civic United Front-CUF.
President Kikwete assisted in
facilitating a peace plan of power sharing between President
Mwai Kibaki and Raila Odinga in Kenya February 28th
2008. He is the president
of the African Union (AU)
The current government is under
the ruling party, CCM until November 2009 when the local
government elections will be held.
1.5 Economy
The area populations’ economy is
dependent on agriculture, subsistence farming using a hand hoe,
and animal husbandry. Crops include: tobacco, sunflower, and
groundnuts. The food crops are: maize, paddy, cassava, and
sorghum.
Domesticated animals are:
cattle, goats, sheep and donkeys. Ox-plough is used on a
relatively small scale.
The village community is also
engaged in gardening but development of it is hampered by the
inadequate water supply, hence it remains seasonal.
1.6 Rainfall
Tabora receives an average of
900mm of rain per annum but it is not evenly distributed. The
Western part of Tabora district is better off while the Eastern
side is disadvantaged. This has lead to repeated draught and
food shortages approximately every 3 years.
2.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT:
Problem Statement:
The Kwihala community although
found in a suburb area (8k from Tabora town), has no access to
essential social services like a health facility or water. There
is a primary school which caters for primary education.
According to the United Nations
Millennium Development Goals indicator; in 2006 the Tanzania
status for access to water, stood at 46% in rural areas and 81%
in urban areas. Tabora is one of the disadvantaged regions, with
relatively low level of water supply coverage, the situation is
even worse in the rural areas
The shortage of a water supply
for consumption and livelihood in Kwihala dates back to the
1800s. The Arab people named Muyomba Zilele (Said Said) settled
in the area and excavated a hand dug well located at the Museum
site (Dr David Livingstone’s hut). The well has long since dried
up and no longer serves the population.
However, the Kwihala population
has tried to find a solution to the problem by digging hand dug
wells which are seasonal and dry up at the peak of dry season.
Since the locally developed wells are not protected, as a result
they become contaminated; cholera and diarrhea outbreaks are
common.
Village communities are
frightened by the inadequate water supply and related water born
diseases.
Women and children are the most
affected when it comes to the issue of water supply. They are
the ones responsible for water issues at the family level. They
have to get up at dawn and go in search of water to cater for
family use.
School attendance is affected by
this acute water problem. Pupils are obliged to ensure that
there is water for the family before going to school. They walk
an average of 10 kilometers to and from water sources. Worse yet
the water sources are not reliable.
Villagers have to wait hours for
his/her turn in a queue. It is said that at the peak of dry
season school attendance drops to about 70%
The school community does not
have access to a water supply they all suffer from the same
problem. School staff is forced to use pupils to go in search of
and collection of water, presenting a huge challenge to the
school community.
Women are obliged to take time
which could otherwise be productive, spending an average of 5
hours a day searching for water during the dry season. There
have been reports of fighting at the water points.
2.1 Proposed Solution:
The proposed solution to the
existing water supply problem is:
Construct two water points (2
hand pumps to be installed) to cater to the Kwihala community of
569 from 105 households and neighouring sub-villages ensuring
access to safe and clean water all year round.
Construct a rain water
harvesting system at Kwihala primary school to serve the school
community all year round.
2.2 Who will be affected:
Directly Affected: Those who
will be directly affected by the project are the Kwihala
population comprising of 569, 260 are males, 309 females and 538
school pupils.
Indirectly Affected: The
neighbouring sub village communities estimated at 128 from
Kipalapala east.
2.3 Foreseeable Benefits:
Short term:
Reduced time spent by women and
children (school goers) in search of water by;
75% from the current 5 hours
spent daily.
98% increase in school
attendance compared to;
70% in the peak of the dry
season.
80% reduction in outbreaks of
cholera and diarrhea.
Long term:
Improved productivity at the
family level as women will use the extra time saved to engage in
productive work, and social matters.
An improvement of the overall
standard of living.
Peace and tranquility among
community members, (no fights among the women over water).
2.4 Problem Description:
A potential problem can be the
inaccessibility of aquifer during drilling wells or striking a
water table which does not have adequate water.
Behavioral change in the village
communities is a gradual process and needs special attention in
dealing with hygiene and sanitation issues. The reluctance of
communities to adopt change in hygiene practices is anticipated.
In order to deal with the
aforementioned foreseeable problems, thorough investigations
will be done to minimize error. Private partners will be
contracted to do the job of surveying.
In accordance with local culture
and tradition in Tabora District, water at the household level
is particularly regarded as a women issue. Women are vested with
the role of ensuring that water for use in the household is
available.
The recently conducted rapid
survey of villages showed among other findings, that women and
children spend between 3-5 hours a day searching for water,
including waiting time at the water point.
Incidences of fighting have been
reported at water points over priority in the queue for water.
The situation is particularly acute during the dry season which
is from July – November.
Children expressed concern that
they are sometimes denied the opportunity to attend school when
asked by parents to go in search of water. This contributes to
their poor performance during examination time.
The inadequacy of water at
household level aggravates the suffering of within the
community.
3.0 DESCRIPTION OF ACTIVITY
The Development services
Department has over 16 years of experience in community
development projects. The department has facilitated and
continues to facilitate community-based projects.
3.1 Work Supervision:
The work will be supervised by
our technician who is qualified and competent in project
implementation.
The project officer supervises
the work in the field and prepares reports to be shared with USA
project Coordinator and stakeholders.
The project officer is
answerable to the Development Coordinator.
3.2 Reports:
The Diocesan Development
Coordinator is responsible for ensuring that financial and
narrative reports are prepared and shared with USA project
Coordinator and stakeholders.
3.3 Labour:
Skilled Labour: The Development
Services Department will provide skilled labour.
(i) Development Coordinator
(ii) Accountant
(iii) Accounts Clerk
(iv) Technician
Unskilled labour: The Kwihala
community provides unskilled labour on site for clearing, gravel
preparation, sand collection, and other materials mobilization.
3.4 Facilitators during
Training:
Ideal facilitators are
identified depending on the scheduled training. The Development
Services Department does collaborate with other stakeholders
(NGOs and CSOs) and the public during project implementation.
Along with the provision of
water, the project proposes to conduct sanitation promotion and
hygiene education. Raising the level of awareness within the
communities to understand good hygiene and sanitation practices
for their improved health is crucial to the success of the
project.
To facilitate raising the level
of awareness involves identifying hygiene promoters from among
the village members. One hygiene promoter will be selected from
every ten households. The hygiene promoters are responsible for
visiting and educating people about good hygiene practices and
sanitation standards.
In particular hand washing after
visiting latrines, and appropriate faecal matter disposal. These
hygiene promoters will be trained and empowered with technical
health issues.
3.5 Land Tenure
According to Tanzania Law land
is a public property. Therefore if a piece of land needs to be
used for public purposes like developing a well, there has never
been any problems, consensus is easily attained.
3.6 Contingency Plan
A Hydro geological survey will
be conducted to ensure the identification of aquifer where water
can be struck.
4.0 Project Maintenance Plan
The community will identify 4
pump attendants 2 male and 2 female who will be trained in pump
repair and maintenance. As we have worked in many areas, this
approach is appropriate and works for community based projects.
4.1 Availability of Spare Parts:
The spare parts for TANIRA or
AFRIDEV pumps are available in Tabora thus making it easy to
acquire parts for repair of the pumps at the community level.
4.2 Funds for Repair and
Maintenance
The village has a water
committee responsible for following up and resolving any
inadequate water supply problems. The water committee is
responsible for fund raising to establish a village water fund.
They will also establish a water
fund account with the National Microfinance Bank. The water fund
is meant for meeting operations and maintenance (O & M).
4.3 Safe transfer of funds:
Project funds can be transferred
by wire to The Development Services Department account with the
Tabora branch of NBC Ltd Bank.
An additional account was opened
in June 2009 for Carina Water Wells Projects by the Development
Coordinator (Christopher Nyamwanji).
The bank account has 4
signatories for payment authorization. The Development
Coordinator is the budget holder and accountable for the money.
4.4 Where money will be kept:
All funds are kept at the bank
except for petty cash which is kept in a secure cash box at the
Development office in the Accounts office.
4.5 Accountability:
The Diocesan Development
Coordinator is the budget holder therefore accountable
for the money. However the Diocesan accountant will be
responsible for financial report preparation. Accounts
record will be done by an accounts clerk.
APPENDICE 1
|
Itetemia village
Population and Household distribution
|
Population
|
No
|
Name of Sub-village
|
Household
|
Male
|
Female
|
Total
|
|
1
|
Itetemia
|
72
|
139
|
144
|
283
|
|
2
|
Kwihala
|
105
|
260
|
309
|
569
|
|
3
|
Masimba
|
88
|
244
|
208
|
452
|
|
4
|
Sukamahela
|
119
|
331
|
281
|
612
|
|
5
|
Kipalapala Mashariki
|
162
|
385
|
393
|
778
|
|
6
|
Kipalapala Magharibi
|
187
|
399
|
403
|
802
|
|
7
|
Kipalapala Kati
|
132
|
265
|
281
|
546
|
|
8
|
Kipalapala Kaskazini
|
130
|
277
|
296
|
573
|
|
|
|
|
995
|
2300
|
2315
|
|
4615 |
|
Source:
Ward Executive Officer's Office November 2006